如何实现接口事件（C# 编程指南）
接口可以声明事件。 下面的示例演示如何在类中实现接口事件。 这些规则基本上都与实现任何接口方法或属性时的相同。
在类中实现接口事件
在类中声明事件，然后在相应区域中调用它。
namespace ImplementInterfaceEvents
{
public interface IDrawingObject
{
event EventHandler ShapeChanged;
}
public class MyEventArgs : EventArgs
{
// class members
}
public class Shape : IDrawingObject
{
public event EventHandler ShapeChanged;
void ChangeShape()
{
// Do something here before the event…
OnShapeChanged(new MyEventArgs(/*arguments*/));
// or do something here after the event.
}
protected virtual void OnShapeChanged(MyEventArgs e)
{
ShapeChanged?.Invoke(this, e);
}
}
}
示例
下面的示例演示如何处理不太常见的情况：类继承自两个或多个接口，且每个接口都具有相同名称的事件。 在这种情况下，你必须为至少其中一个事件提供显式接口实现。 为事件编写显式接口实现时，还必须编写 add 和 remove 事件访问器。 通常这些访问器由编译器提供，但在这种情况下编译器不提供它们。
通过提供自己的访问器，可以指定两个事件是由类中的同一个事件表示，还是由不同事件表示。 例如，如果根据接口规范应在不同时间引发事件，可以在类中将每个事件与单独实现关联。 在下面的示例中，订阅服务器确定它们通过将形状引用转换为 IShape 或 IDrawingObject 接收哪个 OnDraw 事件。
namespace WrapTwoInterfaceEvents
{
using System;
public interface IDrawingObject
{
// Raise this event before drawing
// the object.
event EventHandler OnDraw;
}
public interface IShape
{
// Raise this event after drawing
// the shape.
event EventHandler OnDraw;
}
// Base class event publisher inherits two
// interfaces, each with an OnDraw event
public class Shape : IDrawingObject, IShape
{
// Create an event for each interface event
event EventHandler PreDrawEvent;
event EventHandler PostDrawEvent;
object objectLock = new Object();
// Explicit interface implementation required.
// Associate IDrawingObject's event with
// PreDrawEvent
#region IDrawingObjectOnDraw
event EventHandler IDrawingObject.OnDraw
{
add
{
lock (objectLock)
{
PreDrawEvent += value;
}
}
remove
{
lock (objectLock)
{
PreDrawEvent -= value;
}
}
}
#endregion
// Explicit interface implementation required.
// Associate IShape's event with
// PostDrawEvent
event EventHandler IShape.OnDraw
{
add
{
lock (objectLock)
{
PostDrawEvent += value;
}
}
remove
{
lock (objectLock)
{
PostDrawEvent -= value;
}
}
}
// For the sake of simplicity this one method
// implements both interfaces.
public void Draw()
{
// Raise IDrawingObject's event before the object is drawn.
PreDrawEvent?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
Console.WriteLine("Drawing a shape.");
// Raise IShape's event after the object is drawn.
PostDrawEvent?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
}
}
public class Subscriber1
{
// References the shape object as an IDrawingObject
public Subscriber1(Shape shape)
{
IDrawingObject d = (IDrawingObject)shape;
d.OnDraw += d_OnDraw;
}
void d_OnDraw(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLine("Sub1 receives the IDrawingObject event.");
}
}
// References the shape object as an IShape
public class Subscriber2
{
public Subscriber2(Shape shape)
{
IShape d = (IShape)shape;
d.OnDraw += d_OnDraw;
}
void d_OnDraw(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLine("Sub2 receives the IShape event.");
}
}
public class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Shape shape = new Shape();
Subscriber1 sub = new Subscriber1(shape);
Subscriber2 sub2 = new Subscriber2(shape);
shape.Draw();
// Keep the console window open in debug mode.
System.Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit.");
System.Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
/* Output:
Sub1 receives the IDrawingObject event.
Drawing a shape.
Sub2 receives the IShape event.
*/